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Maize is one of the main sources of food for a high proportion of the region's population. Climate change will cause increases in temperatures that can negatively affect maize productivity in Latin America. Yield sensitivity to temperature (alone or associated with water or nutrient stress) is generally much higher if stress occurs during the period around flowering (which determines the number of...

The Andean region is the center of origin of the potato. Ancestrally, its diversity has been the basis of feeding and survival strategies of thousands of peasant communities to face the climatic difficulties of mountain agriculture, such as frost, hail and droughts. These adverse events, however, have become more recurrent, random and severe in recent years as a result of changes in climate, causi...

Climate change is generating increases in average temperatures, variations in rainfall and more frequent extreme weather events. Its effects could seriously impact traditional agriculture, particularly small and medium-sized farms that depend on rainfed production. Water stress during flowering, pollination, and grain filling is harmful in wheat, as well as it affects tuberization or tuber filling...

Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables worldwide. South America constitutes the main center of origin of the cultivated tomato and of various wild species. Different characteristics have been obtained from wild species that have been transferred to cultivated tomato varieties. However, wild tomato germplasm has generally been little used by countries that constitute their center of origin, i...

The Southern Cone of Latin America is one of the main food-producing regions of the world. Agricultural expansion in the last 50 years has been very consistent and significant, having increased the cultivation area of rain-fed grains by 65 million hectares, yields at a rate of 3.1% per year and production by 275 million tons. In general, agriculture expands on soils with less agricultural aptitude...

Agriculture is one of the most important economic activities in Latin America and one of the main water users. New climate scenarios indicate that there will be large variations in water availability, which could result in floods or droughts, and significant economic losses. Irrigation is one of the most relevant practices for adapting agriculture to climate change, but given the resource scarcity...

Maize is a key crop in the lower tropics of Latin America, providing up to 40% of protein and 50% of calories in the diets of some Central American countries. There are more than 4.0 million hectares planted with maize in Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia, with an average yield of approximately 2.5 t / ha. Climate change will cause increases in temperatures, variation...

In Tropical America there are vast areas of poorly drained soils that are very important for the production of meat and milk. The Brachiarias occupy about 50% of the floodable areas in tropical pastures in Brazil; 60% of those areas in Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador; and significant proportions of those areas in other countries of the region. The most used cultivars have been B. decumbens cv. Basilisk,...

About 1.4 million hectares of rice are cultivated in the Southern Cone of Latin America and are potentially affected by low temperatures. In Rio Grande do Sul, more than a million ha are planted and 60% of the total Brazilian production is produced (7 million tons). Approximately 200,000 ha are planted in Uruguay (1.4 million tons) and a similar area in Argentina (1.2 million tons). The region req...

Coffee cultivation is of strategic importance for most of the member countries of FONTAGRO. It is one of the main agricultural products for export and foreign exchange generation in the region. Latin America is the main producer in the world of Coffea arabica, a highly appreciated species in the world market for its best quality and which represents 70% of the market. Climate change is expected to...